题目：亚马逊森林大火该不该救？巴西总统博尔索纳罗的难言之隐
今年亚马逊森林大火比以往更加严重，7国集团筹钱帮巴西灭火，为什么巴西总统博尔索纳罗非常不乐意？
法国总统马克龙是一个典型的精英型政客，因为他不但关注传统政客眼里那些勾心斗角的权力和利益问题，他还很关心保护地球环境的事儿，这一点可以从他对《巴黎气候协定》的绝对支持和百般呵护上面看得出来。
French president Macron is a typical elite politician, as he is not only concerned about power struggles and conflict of interests like traditional politicians, he also cares deeply about protecting the global environment. This is evident from his absolute supporting and nursing towards the "Paris Climate Agreement".
为了在保护环境方面以身作则，马克龙去年年底给自家司机提高了燃油税，结果出现了国内油价高于国际油价的奇怪现象，爱好上街的法国人玩起了“黄马甲”抗议运动，前后折腾了8个多月。还是因为《巴黎气候协定》，马克龙还跟美国总统特朗普闹翻了，两人的互相攻击从线上延伸到了线下，至今都没有和好。
To lead by example in environmental protection, Macron raised the fuel tax for French drivers late last year, which led to a strange phenomenon that the oil price in France was higher than that of the rest of world. And that was why the protest-loving Frenchmen started the "Yellow Vest" protests, which lasted for more than 8 months in total. It was also due to the "Paris Climate Agreement", that Macron fell out with US President Trump. The two exchanged blows from online to offline, and still have not yet been made up with each other to date.
在上个礼拜天法国召开G7峰会的时候，恰逢巴西亚马逊雨林的大火变成了全球热搜，马克龙保护地球环境的爱心再次泛滥，于是会后他提出让各参会国凑2000万美元给巴西灭火的建议。有人出钱帮自己灭火，这听上去完全是一件好事儿，可是却惹怒了巴西总统博尔索纳罗。
When the G7 summit was held in France last Sunday, the fire in the Amazon rainforest in Brazil incidentally became a global hot search. This triggered Macron's flooding love to protect the environment again, so after the summit he proposed to contribute 20 million US dollars to help Brazil put out the fire. Someone was offering money to help put out the fire, this sounds like a perfectly wonderful thing, but Brazilian president Bolsonaro was somehow enraged.
博尔索纳罗说我这儿工作干得好好的，你们不要当我不存在，巴西可不是没人管理的荒山野岭，你们这种行为是现代版的殖民主义。巴西的经济状况是个什么样子或许大家心里都清楚，这笔钱要是到了巴西政府手上肯定不会多余，那么博尔索纳罗为什么会如此激动和敏感呢？
Bolsonaro said that I'm doing just fine, you should not act as if I didn't exist. Brazil is not an ungoverned wasteland, and your behavior is modern colonialism. We all know the current state of Brazil's economy, this contribution would definitely not be useless for the Brazilian government. So why was Bolsonaro so agitated and sensitive?
假如留意过类似的新闻，就会发现不止巴西有这种情况，很多发展中国家都不喜欢发达国家对自家的问题指手画脚，尤其是不喜欢事先不打招呼主动要帮忙的这种事儿，很容易被说成是主动冒犯。当然冒犯只是个不那么重要的原因，重要的原因是不打招呼的援助行为对于援助国政府来说并不一定是好事儿。
If you have paid attention to similar news, you will find that Brazil is not the exception, many developing countries don't like to be commented or judged by developed countries, especially any helps without being informed in advance, which is prone to be treated as an offense. Of course offense is just the less important reason, and the more important is that an unannounced aid might not be good for recipient governments.
自家存在的问题被发达国家给帮忙解决了，这只能证明所在国政府的无能，会一定程度降低民众对自家一把手的信任和支持，最终削弱政府的领导力，因此博尔索纳罗批评马克龙那帮人是干涉内政。另外一个问题是如果没有弄清楚对方的真实情况就盲目做好事，很容易打乱人家原来的计划，这个坏处可能更大。
Own problems were solved via the help from developed countries, which can only prove the incompetence of the local government, and partly reduce the public trust and support for their own leaders, ultimately weaken the leadership of the government. Therefore Bolsonaro criticized Macron was interfering its internal affairs. Another problem is that if aids were offered blindly without figuring out what the real problem was, it is easy to screw things up, probably bring more damages.
七国集团不打招呼就把筹钱灭火的事儿弄得全世界都知道，这让博尔索纳罗非常被动和尴尬。而且在博尔索纳罗的眼里，马克龙那伙人只是看到了大火在烧，却没有搞清楚这场火灾背后的深层次原因，不了解自己的难处和对策就动手帮忙，这太让人恼火了。
The G7 made the world aware of their contribution to put out the fire without any prior notice, which made Bolsonaro very passive and embarrassed. Furthermore in Bolsonaro's eyes, Macron's gang only saw the fire burning, but did not understand the underlying causes of the fire, offering help without understanding my true difficulties and countermeasures , which is so annoying.
就在博尔索纳罗和马克龙隔空对骂的时候，一个支持者P了一张图，那张图的上半部分是马克龙和他那位年老色衰的妻子布吉利特，下半部分是博尔索纳罗和他年轻貌美的妻子米歇尔，在P图者对图片的说明文字里，暗含着马克龙的可怜和对博尔索纳罗的羡慕和嫉妒。
Just as Bolsonaro and Macron were swearing at each other, a supporter photoshopped a picture, in the top half of which is Macron and his aging wife Buglitt, and in the lower half of which is Borsonaro and his beautiful young wife Michelle, and the picture descriptions from the maker, implied the pity for Macron and envy for Borsonaro.
这条信息居然就被博尔索纳罗发现了，在转发的时候他评论了一句说你不要这样欺负人家嘛。两个男人之间的争吵，变成了攻击对方老婆的容貌，这事就非常不讲究了，不但当事人马克龙愤怒了，就连巴西国内很多网友也觉得自家总统很丢人，直接在网上联名向人家马克龙道歉。这巴西总统博尔索纳罗到底是个什么样的人呢？
This tweet was accidentally seen by Bolsonaro, on which he left a comment saying don't humiliate him like this while forwarded it. The quarrel between two men, was turned into an assault on the wife's appearance, which really went too far, not only did it infuriate Macron, but also it made a lot of Brazilians ashamed of their own president, they even proposed a joint signing on the internet to apologize to Macron. So what kind of person the President of Brazil Bolsonaro is?
如果和他过去几十年里说过的各种不得体的话比起来，嘲讽马克龙老婆这句并不算疯狂。博尔索纳罗公开歧视过有色人种，建议像特朗普那样收紧边境；他公开歧视过女性并且被对方告上法庭还输了案子，军人出身的他对巴西曾经的军政府统治大加赞赏，还多次批评环保组织吃饱了没事干阻碍了巴西人通过开发雨林来发家致富。
Compared to other indecent words he had said for the past few decades, mocking at Macron's wife is not as insane. Bolsonaro once showed his discrimination about colored races in public, suggesting tightening up immigration borders as what Trump's doing; he also looked down upon women publicly and was sued by them ended up with losing of the case, he also spoke highly of the military government due to his military root, also criticized environmental organizations for standing in the Brazilians’ way to develop the forest.
巴西的森林大火并不是什么自燃的野火，起码今年发生的七万多起里大部分都是巴西的农民和农场主点燃的，他们放火的目的就是为了烧掉雨淋，然后腾出更多的土地用来种植经济作物或者干脆放牧。
What blasted Brazil is not self-ignited wildfires, at least this year more than 70 thousand fire hazards were ignited by indigenous farmers, in an aim to burn some of the forest, so as to leverage larger land space for growing cash crops or just farming.
接受如果了马克龙凑的那两千万美元，就意味着必须得把火给灭了，而且还得禁止烧林造田活动。可是这种开发雨林提高收入的行为偏偏是总统博尔索纳罗的政策，这个政策要是因为外部的干涉给叫停了，那他会极度难受，不管是因为面子还是因为经济，这是他极力反对外部干涉的本质原因。
If accepted the $20 million fund raised by Macron, it means that the fire has to be put out, moreover burning the forest for more lands has to be banned. Yet it is exactly Bolsonaro's policy to exploit the rainforest for ramping up profits, if it's called for a stop by external forces, he will be heartbroken, no matter whether it's a matter of ego or economy, these are the reasons why he strongly fight against external meddling.
可是亚马逊雨林实在是太出名了，占了全球森林面积的20%，甚至有人说地球上20%的氧气来自亚马逊森林。看着它陷入火海，屏幕前面的每个人都难免会感到揪心，灭火就变成了刻不容缓的事儿。现在有人主动掏钱帮忙灭火，这个行为和这笔钱太有诱惑力了，不但全球网友站在马克龙那边，就连巴西的环境部门和部分民众也站在马克龙那一边，狂人博尔索纳罗注定扛不住这种压力。
But the Amazon rainforest is so famous, it accounts for 20% of the global forest area, some people even say 20% of the oxygen on Earth comes from the Amazon rainforest. Watching it falls in flames, everyone in front of the screen can't help feeling distressed, so putting out fires becomes an emergency. Now someone are willing to offer money to help put out the fire, which is so tempting, not only the global netizens, but also the Brazilian environment department and some Brazilians are on the side of Macron. No doubt madman Bolsonaro can't resist the pressure.
于是博尔索纳罗下令派军队过去参与灭火，同时还禁止在一个月内放火烧林，即使有许可证也不行。亡羊补牢为时不晚，博尔索纳罗没有和舆论死扛到底，但是他的心里可能一直在骂人，因为这一次国际社会成功地干涉了他的所谓内政，他曾经利用开发雨林发展经济的政策也受到了严重的打击。如何找机会重新点火烧林，或许是他接下去的一个工作内容。
So Bolsonaro sent the army to participate in the fire fighting, and prohibited land clearance fires for one month, no one is allowed to set fire even with a permit. It's never too late to mend, Borsonero didn't fight desperately with the public opinion, but he probably keeps saying dirty words in his mind, because this time international community successfully interfered in his so-called internal affairs, and his policy of exploiting the rainforest to develop the economy has also been hit badly. How to find an opportunity to re-ignite the forest may be the task, that he is going to fulfill in the future.
巴西在历史上被葡萄牙殖民了好几百年，有了葡萄牙人提供的基础设施建设，之后就一直有欧洲人源源不断移民到巴西，包括了博尔索纳罗那来自意大利的祖父母。因为自己是血统纯正的白人，所以博尔索纳罗身上就带有一些白人才有的毛病，比如因为血统焕发的优越感和对其他种族的歧视。
Brazil used to be colonized by Portugal for centuries, thanks to the infrastructure constructed by the Portuguese, there has been a steady flow of Europeans immigrating to Brazil, including Bolsonaro's grandparents who were from Italy. Because he himself is a pure-blood white man, Bolsonaro has some defects that only existed in the white people, such as the sense of superiority and discrimination against other races.
当一个有种族主义倾向的人做了总统，那么它的外交政策就趋向于保守和自私了，比如抵制来自第三世界的移民，大幅度降低税收，利用各种方式提高收入包括开采石油砍伐森林等这种很容易被人骂的方法，他还极度讨厌环保机构等类似只负责批评不帮忙赚钱的组织。因为这些行为，博尔索纳罗收获了“巴西版特朗普”的称号，特朗普本人听说后也对他表现出了心心相惜的深情。
When a pro-racist becomes a president, then his foreign diplomacy will tend to be conservative and selfish, such as refusing immigrants from the third world, and slash taxes greatly, raising revenue in a variety of ways including drilling for oil and cutting down forests, he also hates environmental organizations which can not make profits but only comments. Because of these behaviors, Bolsonaro has been dubbed "Trump of Brazil", after hearing that Trump even expressed deep sympathy for him.
像博尔索纳罗或者特朗普这样的政客，在整体经济状况不好的时候很容易受到追捧，因为经济不好的时候大家多少会变得比过去自私，不愿意关心外面的事儿，只想把自己的日子过好。博尔索纳罗也是看中了这一点，在去年竞选的时候投其所好地发表了很多的大胆的言论，爱他的人爱的无法自拔，恨他的人恨得咬牙切齿。
Politicians like Bolsonaro or Trump, could be very popular when the overall financial situation is not well, because when the economy is bad people are more or less selfish than they used to be, they could be unwilling to care about the outside world, and only want to live their own life well. Bolsonaro just aimed at this, he made a lot of bold statements to please his supporters in last year's election, those who loved him cannot extricate themselves, while those who hated him would be gnashing.
去年的8月份，作为总统候选人的博尔索纳罗正在演讲拉票，一名恨他恨得咬牙切齿的反对者挤到人群前面捅了他一刀，差点没把他的小命给结束掉。不过这一刀没有白挨，博尔索纳罗那几个月吸引了太多的流量，直接保送进了总统府。
Last August, when Bolsonaro as a presidential candidate was making a speech to canvass, one of his gnashing opponents pushed his way to the front of the crowd and stabbed him, which almost killed him. While this injury was not for nothing, Bolsonaro attracted too much focus in those months, and was directly recommended into the president office.
巴西这几年的情况一直不好，一个靠出口资源为生的国家，在世界经济整体下滑的时候，最容易受到冲击。前总统罗塞夫被弹劾，罗塞夫之前的总统卢拉被关进监狱，都是在给巴西糟糕的经济背锅。所以博尔索纳罗的总统工作并不好做，经济如果搞不上去他的下场也好不到哪儿去，说过的每一句狠话都可能变成弹劾他的依据。
The economy of Brazil has been in bad shape for years, a country that depends on exporting resources, when the world economy is generally in decline, could be easily struck. Former president Rousseff was impeached, and the president Lula before Rousseff was sent into jail, they are all scapegoats for Brazil's poor economy. So Bolsonaro's job as a president is not easy, what's going to happen to him will not be better if the economy doesn't work out, every cruel word he once said could become grounds for impeachment.
因此博尔索纳罗的政策说的简单一点，那就是一切以经济建设为中心，想尽一切办法提高收入。所以他削减了行政系统的开支，降低了各行各业的税收，同时把一些国有资产私有化变现凑钱，以及开发自家的热带雨林，这可是巴西最出名也最有价值的资源。
So if we put Bolsonaro's policy a little simpler, it is to take economic construction as the central task, and every effort should be made to increase the income. That's why he cut down the government's administrative expenditures, and lowered taxes in all industries, as well as privatized some state-owned assets, besides exploiting their own tropical rainforest, which is the most famous and valuable resource in Brazil.
于是在博尔索纳罗上台的这8个月里，发生了7万多起森林大火，比往年要多好几倍，这是自家总统开发雨林提高收入政策的直接表现。当七国集团凑出2000万美元表示要帮巴西灭火的时候，就是揭穿了巴西总统焚烧雨林赚钱的政策，博尔索纳罗不恼羞成怒才怪呢！
The result is that during the eight months since Bolsonaro came into power, more than 70 thousand forest fires have occurred, which is several times more than that in previous years. This is a direct manifestation of the president's policy on exploiting rainforest to increase income. When the G7 allocated 20 million dollars specifically to help Brazil to put out the fire, it brought to light the Brazilian president's policy of making money by burning down the rainforest, no wonder that Bolsonaro is so angry about that!
相信很多人都会一厢情愿地认为热带雨林是属于全人类的，尽管绝大部分都在巴西境内。狂人博尔索纳罗想以自己的方式统治巴西这个国家，但是这一次无论是国际舆论还是自家老百姓都没有站在他那边，他没有办法违抗多数人的意志强推自己的政策，最后不得不暂停开发雨林并派出军队去灭火，博尔索拉罗是多么怀念军政府时代啊！
Probable many people believe that tropical rainforest belongs to all mankind, even though most of it is in Brazil. The madman Bolsonaro wants to rule Brazil in his own way, but neither international public opinion nor Brazilians stand on his side this time, he cannot defy the will of the majority and push his own policy forcefully, finally he has to pause the exploitation of rainforest and sending troops to fight the fire, how would Bolsonaro miss the era of military government!
如果从巴西总统的角度去看这件事儿，或许就能理解发展中国家为什么不喜欢发达国家主动帮忙了。有些时候外人并不懂自己的疾苦，只是以他们的价值观和理解引导舆论并强行干涉，这让他们非常无奈，对骂会失去人心，动手又没有实力。尽管扑灭雨林的大火是众望所归的好事儿，可是之后巴西经济不见起色甚至因此引发的内部稳定问题，马克龙还会叫上七国集团一起帮忙解决吗？
If you look at this incident from the viewpoint of the Brazilian president, you might understand why developing countries do not like the help offered by developed countries. Sometimes outsiders do not understand the insiders' sufferings, but only to guide public opinion to interfere forcefully based on their own values and understanding, which makes the insiders feel very helpless, swearing back will make them lose popularity, but taking actions will show their shortage of power. Although putting out the rainforest fire is a good thing highly favored by the public, but in case that Brazilian economic activities do not pick up or even internal stability problems are aroused, would Macron also call on the G7 to help?